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Support : Dialog Search Aids
: Classification Codes and Headings in Dialog File 8
Classification Codes and Headings in Dialog File 8 -
Ei Compendex
CAL Classification Codes (CC=). The CAL classification codes comprise a numeric classification scheme that segments the literature in the database into broad technical subject areas. The scheme consists of over 175 technical disciplines. The present set of codes has been used in Compendex since May 1970. A primary heading is assigned to each document to reflect its main subject emphasis.
In addition to the primary term, up to five additional headings or subheading combinations can be assigned. These terms describe additional concepts expressed in the original document and/or expand on the concept represented by the primary term. Each document may be assigned one to six classification codes. The number of codes depends on the content of the article. CAL classification codes have three-digit numbers. The CAL codes have also been cascaded to the two-digit level, permitting a SELECT of a group of related subject areas with a single entry.
For example, SELECT CC=66 retrieves all codes from 661 to 664, the codes for Automotive Engineering:
?SELECT CC=66
S1 45437 CC=66 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING)
?TYPE S1/CC
1/CC/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
Classification Codes:
731.5 (Robotics); 731.1 (Control Systems);
921.2 (Calculus); 921.6 (Numerical Methods);
655.2 (Satellites); 731 (Automatic Control
Principles); 921 (Applied Mathematics);
662 (Automotive Design & Manufacture);
655 (Spacecraft) 73 (CONTROL ENGINEERING);
92 (ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS); 66 (AUTOMOTIVE
ENGINEERING); 65 (AEROSPACE ENGINEERING) |
CAL codes are particularly useful for searching terms in their appropriate context.
For example, the phrase Computer Simulation has been used as a main heading or subheading in many different subject areas, so it will retrieve a high number of postings. The following example restricts the occurrence of the phrase to records indexed as CC=69, Materials Handling:
?SELECT COMPUTER(W)SIMULATION AND CC=69
S2 1847 COMPUTER(W)SIMULATION AND CC=69
?TYPE S2/KWIC,CC
2/KWIC,CC/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
Classification Codes:
692.2 (Elevators); 731.1 (Control Systems);
723.4 (Artificial Intelligence); 723.5 (Computer
Applications); 692 (Conveyors & Elevators); 731
(Automatic Control Principles); 723 (Computer
Software); 921 (Applied Mathematics);
69 (Materials Handling); 73 (Control
Engineering); 72 (Computers & Data Processing);
92 (Engineering Mathematics)
Descriptors: Elevators; SCADA systems; Expert
systems; Fuzzy sets; Algorithms; Membership
functions; Computer simulation |
CAL codes can also be used to broaden a concept and increase retrieval.
In the following example, retrieval is increased by selecting the CAL code for Coal Mining (CC=503) and then combining terms for coal mining from the Descriptor and Identifier fields:
?SELECT CC=503 OR COAL(W)(MINE? ? OR MINING)/DE,ID
S3 19778 CC=503 OR COAL(W)(MINE? ? OR
MINING)/DE,ID
?TYPE S3/8
3/8/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
05614030
Title: Progress on chemistry of coal utilization
in the 20th century
Publication Year: 2000
Descriptors: *Coal industry; Coke ovens; Blast
furnaces; Coal tar; Coal gas; Carbon fibers;
Hydrogen; Gas adsorption; Cooking; Coal
carbonization
Identifiers: Coal fine chemistry
Classification Codes: 642.2 (Industrial Furnaces
& Components); 532.2 (Blast Furnaces);
411.2 (Coal Tar); 503 (Mines & Mining, Coal);
524 (Solid Fuels); 642 (Industrial Furnaces
& Process Heating); 532 (Metallurgical Furnaces);
411 (Bituminous Materials); 522 (Gas Fuels) |
Note that the previous example retrieves references to coal mine, mines, mined, and mining, but not coal minerals.
CAL classification codes and their corresponding headings may be obtained by EXPANDing in the CC= index:
?EXPAND CC=66
Ref Items Index-term
E1 2872 CC=657.2 (EXTRATERRESTRIAL PHYSICS & STELLA
E2 2657 CC=658 (AEROSPACE ENGINEERING, GENERAL)
E3 45390 *CC=66 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING)
E4 2 CC=660 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING)
E5 11470 CC=661 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES & RELATED EQUI
E6 1279 CC=661.1 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES)
E7 488 CC=661.2 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE COMPONENTS)
E8 29833 CC=662 (AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN & MANUFACTURE)
E9 4202 CC=662.1 (AUTOMOBILES)
E10 361 CC=662.2 (SMALLER VEHICLES)
E11 868 CC=662.3 (AUTOMOBILE & SMALLER VEHICLE MATE
E12 3483 CC=662.4 (AUTOMOBILE & SMALLER VEHICLE COMP
Enter P or PAGE for more
?p
Ref Items Index-term
E13 8702 CC=663 (HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES)
E14 1283 CC=663.1 (HEAVY DUTY MOTOR VEHICLES)
E15 387 CC=663.2 (HEAVY DUTY MOTOR VEHICLE COMPONEN
E16 16 CC=663.3 (HEAVY DUTY MOTOR VEHICLE APPLICAT
E17 1843 CC=664 (AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING, GENERAL)
E18 39016 CC=67 (MARINE ENGINEERING) |
Two- or three-digit codes may be selected directly with the CC= prefix. For example:
?SELECT CC=672
S4 5683 CC=672 (NAVAL VESSELS)
?TYPE S4/6,CC
4/6,CC/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
05610819
Title: Detecting ships in lock using laser
measurement system
Conference Title: Sensors and Camera Systems for
Scientific, Industrial, and Digital Photography
Applications
Publication Year: 2000
Classification Codes:
67 MARINE ENGINEERING); 672 (Naval Vessels);
74 (OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY); 744 (Lasers);
744.9 (Laser Applications) |
Note that the two-digit code, and its corresponding main heading, also display in the record.
Cal Classification Heading (CC=): The CAL Classification Headings corresponding to Classification Codes are also searchable with the CC= prefix. Classification headings have been indexed by an individual word and by a complete phrase in the CC= index. Headings may be selected as single words, using proximity operators, or as complete phrases with the CC= prefix. For example:
?SELECT CC=(OCEAN(W)TECHNOLOGY)
S5 54685 CC=(OCEAN(W)TECHNOLOGY)
?SELECT CC=AIR POLLUTION
S6 64622 CC=AIR POLLUTION
?TYPE S6/6,CC
6/6,CC/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
05617017
Title: Odor-based incontinence sensor
Conference Title: IMTC/2000 - 17th IEEE
Instrumentation and Measurement Technology
Conference 'Smart Connectivity:
Integrating Measurement and Control'
Publication Year: 2000
Classification Codes:
732.2 (Control Instrumentation); 451.1
(Air Pollution Sources); 642.1 (Process
Heating); 641.2 (Heat Transfer);
443.1 (Atmospheric Properties); 732 (Control
Devices); 451 (Air Pollution);
642 (Industrial Furnaces & Process Heating);
641 (Heat & Thermodynamics); 443 (Meteorology);
921 (Applied Mathematics) |
As can be seen from the following example, only the first 46 characters of a heading are displayed in an EXPAND list, but the complete heading displays in the record:
?EXPAND CC=MECHANICAL
Ref Items Index-term
E1 103514 CC=MEASUREMENTS
E2 363113 CC=MEASURING
E3 272322 *CC=MECHANICAL
E4 105192 CC=MECHANICAL & MISCELLANEOUS MEASURI
E5 91554 CC=MECHANICAL DESIGN
E6 5809 CC=MECHANICAL DEVICES
E7 1749 CC=MECHANICAL DRIVES
E8 13687 CC=MECHANICAL DRIVES & TRANSMISSIONS
E9 174031 CC=MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
E10 2137 CC=MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, GENERAL
E11 6730 CC=MECHANICAL INSTRUMENTS
E12 946 CC=MECHANICAL TRANSMISSIONS
?SELECT E3
S7 105192 CC="MECHANICAL & MISCELLANEOUS
MEASURI"
?TYPE S7/CC
7/CC/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
Classification Codes:
461.1 (Biomedical Engineering); 461.6 (Medicine);
631.1 (Fluid Flow, General); 461.2 (Biological
Materials); 943.2 (Mechanical Variables
Measurements); 461 (Biotechnology); 631 (Fluid
Flow & Hydrodynamics); 943 (Mechanical &
Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments);
921 (Applied Mathematics) |
When lengthy headings are selected as complete phrases, enter the first 46 characters exactly as they appear in the record including exact spacing and punctuation. Truncation may be used with unique word stems, e.g.,
SELECT CC=MECHANICAL & MISC?
The (S) operator, which requires that search terms be in the same subfield in any order, is useful for ensuring that all terms appear in the same heading. For example:
?SELECT CC=(ACOUSTICAL(S)INSTRUMENT?)
S8 92715 CC=(ACOUSTICAL(S)INSTRUMENT?)
?TYPE S8/CC
8/CC/1
DIALOG(R)File 8:(c) 2000 Engineering Info. Inc.
All rts. reserv.
Classification Codes:
751.5 (Speech); 716.1 (Information &
Communication Theory); 461.4 (Human Engineering);
941.1 (Acoustical Instruments );
751.1 (Acoustic Waves); 721.1 (Computer Theory,
Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory,
Switching Theory, Programming Theory;
751 (Acoustics); 716 (Radar, Radio & TV
Electronic Equipment); 461 (Biotechnology);
941 (Acoustical & Optical Measuring Instruments );
721(Computer Circuits & Logic Elements |
Use the (W) operator to replace punctuation when headings are selected with proximity operators as individual words.
EXPANDing in the CC= index is recommended to verify the exact term.
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